|
|
Early Modern Age Bohemian Lands and the Area of the ContemporaryRomania at the Turn of the 17th Century
Chalupová, Helena ; Vlnas, Vít (advisor) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee) ; Ryantová, Marie (referee)
The dissertation deals with one of the specifics of the history of the Bohemia lands in the early modern period - the conflicts between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. The aim of the thesis is to create a comprehensive view of the changing relations between the Bohemian lands during the reign of Emperor Rudolph II and the countries which, during the periods of Turkish expansion into Europe, constituted a kind of barrier between the Habsburg and Ottoman empires, i.e. Transylvania, Wallachia and Moldavia. The research topic is narrowed down to the period of the so-called Long Turkish War (1591-1606) and the subsequent period until 1613 (the death of the princes of Transylvania, Sigismund Báthory and Gabriel Báthory). 1613 is thus seen as the final landmark. The dissertation consists of three parts: 1) A brief theoretical introduction. 2) In the second part, the development of political, economic, and cultural relations between the Habsburgs and the rulers of the above-mentioned countries is depicted. 3) Interpretation so-called the second life these historical events in the Romanian and Czech historiography in the culture of both these nations. Keywords Transylvania; Wallachia; Moldavia; Bohemia lands; Early Modern; Long Turkish War Sigismund Bathory; Michael the Brave
|
|
|
The Differences Between the Hungarian and Roma Minorities' Situation in the Contemporary Romania
Stejskalová, Michaela ; Kocián, Jiří (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the status differences between the Hungarian and Roma minorities after an accession to the EU in 2007. It examines how the approaches of Romanian government and the European Union differ toward the minorities and it characterises major challenges of the minorities in four different aspects - education, employment, housing conditions and political representation. Romani people started getting more attention from the Bucharest government when the country decided to join the European integration process. The EU was monitoring the situation of the Roma community regularly and decided to publish a framework strategy for Roma inclusion in 2011 which served as an example for member countries. Romanian government elaborated its own strategy within a year and updated it in 2014. This document provides a list of instructions to all Romanian institutions how to tackle the problems Romani community faces such as discrimination in hiring process, school segregation, bad housing conditions or poor representation in politics. The Hungarian minority has considerably better position in Romania than Roma people. Compared to other minorities this community is represented by solid number of politicians and Hungarian party UDMR has been part of the Romanian parliament since the election...
|
|
|
The reformation in Transylvania and its responses in the Romanian-speaking environment
Plíšková, Dora ; Valentová, Libuše (advisor) ; Vajdová, Libuša (referee)
Lutherská větev reformace do Sedmihradska pronikala v šestnáctém století prostřednictvím saského obyvatelstva, kalvínská prostřednictím maďarského. V roce 1566 bylo v Sedmihradsku založeno tzv. rumunské kalvinistické biskupství, jehož cílem bylo šířit reformovanou víru mezi místní rumunské obyvatelstvo, a to dosažením vysluhování mší v rumunštině (místo církevní slovanštiny), podporou tisku rumunskojazyčných náboženských knih, zvyšováním vzdělanostní úrovně kněží a administrativní reorganizací církve. Po období vlády knížat z rodu Báthoryů se reformace v Sedmihradsku opět prosazuje zhruba od třicátých let sedmnáctého století, v letech čtyřicátých získává pod vedením kalvinistického superintendenta Istvána Gelejiho Katony značně netolerantní charakter. Metropolita sedmihradské pravoslavné církve musí před svým zvolením podepsat body tzv. kalvinizačního programu. Z doktrinárního hlediska však reformace, jejíž šíření mezi sedmihradskými Rumuny definitivně končí se vznikem řeckokatolické církve (r. 1700), nezanechala v rumunském prostředí žádné stopy kromě prosazení rumunštiny jako liturgického jazyka - to se v Sedmihradsku podařilo zhruba s náskokem půldruhého století oproti Valašsku a Moldavsku. Pozoruhodné je soužití reformované a pravoslavné dogmatiky v rumunských dílech připisovaných vlivu...
|
|
|
Transylvanian Regional Identity after 1989: Political Reflection
Kocián, Jiří ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Rosůlek, Přemysl (referee) ; Stojarová, Věra (referee)
KOCIÁN, Jiří. Transylvanian regional identity and its political reflection after 1989. The thesis deals with the question of reviving Transylvanian regional identity and its political use in Romania after 1989. It demonstrates that regional identity has gradually grown in political importance, and represents the content, actors and typology of models of its reflection. The Romanian Communist regime under Nicolae Ceaușescu followed longer-term centralizing tendencies that did not favor maintaining regional specificities. But regional identity, like other collective identities, is the result of a continuous process of daily interactions between its bearers and external actors, all of whom are involved in its construction. Because of that, it survived a period of suppression in its vernacular form. Contributing to its survival was the fact that the multi-ethnic region of Transylvania and its specificities, which represent the core of regional identity, have a thousand-year history. The thesis points, by applying a discourse analysis of the content of newspaper articles, to the fact that regional identity took the form of political discourse after 1989. This discourse rivaled the previous discursive hegemony of the country's centralist concept of state and nation in Romanian public sphere. At the same...
|
|
|
Transylvanian Regional Identity after 1989: Political Reflection
Kocián, Jiří ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Maslowski, Nicolas (referee) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
The thesis presents an analysis of the discourse of Transylvanian regional identity in Romanian newspaper from 1989 to 2014, opposing the hegemonic political and societal discourse promoting nationalism. In doing so, it emphasized inter-ethnic tolerance as a key principle that distinguished regional discourse from its centralist counterpart. The fact that the most important historical peoples of Transylvania were understood by the regional discourse as carriers of regional identity in the spheres of daily and political life not only confirmed the trans-ethnic inclusiveness of this construct, but also became its diversification factor. In addition to tolerance and acceptance of multiethnicity, regional discourse in the examined media relied predominantly on ideas of the region's essential democratic character, its cultural, social or economic specificities, as well as considerations of possible autonomy. These narratives, whether abstract or more pragmatic, represented the content of a discoursively constructed regional identity, conveyed its sharing by different ethnic groups, and defined Transylvania in the context of an era within Romania as a whole. The internal thematic composition of Transylvanian regional identity discourse was not entirely constant during the period under review, its shape...
|
|
|
Comparison of the position of the current Hungarian minority in Vojvodina and Transylvania
Hanušová, Tereza ; Kocián, Jiří (advisor) ; Klípa, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the position of the Hungarian minority in Serbian Vojvodina and Romanian Transylvania using the comparative method. Hungarians in Serbia and Romania represent a very large national minority and they became an integral part of the local culture and society. The level of Hungarian minority rights in the host countries is compared in four areas: legislation, political representation and institutionalization of the minority, mother tongue education opportunities and the Hungarian minority media. Apart from a brief outline of the historical context, the work focuses exclusively on the period after the fall of communism in both states to the present. During these years, there has been the biggest shift in the area of minority rights. The concept of ethnic parallelism is applied to all researched areas. Related to this, the so-called ethnolinguistic vitality approach is used, which deals with the conditions for the preservation of minority languages in the majority society. Special attention is paid to the influence of the Hungarian government under Primer Minister Viktor Orbán on the life of Hungarians abroad, which is significantly growing.
|
|
|
Transylvanian Regional Identity after 1989: Political Reflection
Kocián, Jiří ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Rosůlek, Přemysl (referee) ; Stojarová, Věra (referee)
KOCIÁN, Jiří. Transylvanian regional identity and its political reflection after 1989. The thesis deals with the question of reviving Transylvanian regional identity and its political use in Romania after 1989. It demonstrates that regional identity has gradually grown in political importance, and represents the content, actors and typology of models of its reflection. The Romanian Communist regime under Nicolae Ceaușescu followed longer-term centralizing tendencies that did not favor maintaining regional specificities. But regional identity, like other collective identities, is the result of a continuous process of daily interactions between its bearers and external actors, all of whom are involved in its construction. Because of that, it survived a period of suppression in its vernacular form. Contributing to its survival was the fact that the multi-ethnic region of Transylvania and its specificities, which represent the core of regional identity, have a thousand-year history. The thesis points, by applying a discourse analysis of the content of newspaper articles, to the fact that regional identity took the form of political discourse after 1989. This discourse rivaled the previous discursive hegemony of the country's centralist concept of state and nation in Romanian public sphere. At the same...
|
|
|
The Differences Between the Hungarian and Roma Minorities' Situation in the Contemporary Romania
Stejskalová, Michaela ; Kocián, Jiří (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the status differences between the Hungarian and Roma minorities after an accession to the EU in 2007. It examines how the approaches of Romanian government and the European Union differ toward the minorities and it characterises major challenges of the minorities in four different aspects - education, employment, housing conditions and political representation. Romani people started getting more attention from the Bucharest government when the country decided to join the European integration process. The EU was monitoring the situation of the Roma community regularly and decided to publish a framework strategy for Roma inclusion in 2011 which served as an example for member countries. Romanian government elaborated its own strategy within a year and updated it in 2014. This document provides a list of instructions to all Romanian institutions how to tackle the problems Romani community faces such as discrimination in hiring process, school segregation, bad housing conditions or poor representation in politics. The Hungarian minority has considerably better position in Romania than Roma people. Compared to other minorities this community is represented by solid number of politicians and Hungarian party UDMR has been part of the Romanian parliament since the election...
|
|
|
The reformation in Transylvania and its responses in the Romanian-speaking environment
Plíšková, Dora ; Valentová, Libuše (advisor) ; Vajdová, Libuša (referee)
Lutherská větev reformace do Sedmihradska pronikala v šestnáctém století prostřednictvím saského obyvatelstva, kalvínská prostřednictím maďarského. V roce 1566 bylo v Sedmihradsku založeno tzv. rumunské kalvinistické biskupství, jehož cílem bylo šířit reformovanou víru mezi místní rumunské obyvatelstvo, a to dosažením vysluhování mší v rumunštině (místo církevní slovanštiny), podporou tisku rumunskojazyčných náboženských knih, zvyšováním vzdělanostní úrovně kněží a administrativní reorganizací církve. Po období vlády knížat z rodu Báthoryů se reformace v Sedmihradsku opět prosazuje zhruba od třicátých let sedmnáctého století, v letech čtyřicátých získává pod vedením kalvinistického superintendenta Istvána Gelejiho Katony značně netolerantní charakter. Metropolita sedmihradské pravoslavné církve musí před svým zvolením podepsat body tzv. kalvinizačního programu. Z doktrinárního hlediska však reformace, jejíž šíření mezi sedmihradskými Rumuny definitivně končí se vznikem řeckokatolické církve (r. 1700), nezanechala v rumunském prostředí žádné stopy kromě prosazení rumunštiny jako liturgického jazyka - to se v Sedmihradsku podařilo zhruba s náskokem půldruhého století oproti Valašsku a Moldavsku. Pozoruhodné je soužití reformované a pravoslavné dogmatiky v rumunských dílech připisovaných vlivu...
|
guest ::
